If you use the ListView, which is based on System.Windows.Forms.ListView, then you will have to implement "owner draw" on the control. It's a pain, there is some flag you go set and then draw the control in the OnPaint() method. With owner draw, you have to render just about everything from what I remember.
If you use the StrataListView, which is a custom control in the MicroFour StrataFrame UI Expanded assembly, then you can specify an image for any column. Each individual cell can have its own ImageKey that uses the ImageList of the list to find its image.